With a growth rate of 30 per cent and projected figures of 90 billion US dollars, by 2015, it can be safely said that the real estate sector in India is booming.

India is being acknowledged as the one of the fastest growing economies in the world and in this current economic scenario, real estate has emerged as one of the most appealing investment areas for domestic as well as foreign investors. And this high growth curve in the real estate sector owes some credit to a booming economy and liberalised Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) regime in the real estate sector.

In March 2005 the government of India amended existing norms to allow 100 per cent FDI in the construction business. This liberalisation act cleared the path for foreign investment, to meet the demand of development of the commercial and residential real estate sectors. As per the new rules, the minimum land area for development by foreign investors was lowered from the earlier floor of 100 acres to 25 acres.

Also, the economy continues to grow rapidly, hitting 9.3 per cent in the first quarter of 2007, following the 9.4 per cent growth recorded for the whole of last year. Then there’s the rapidly expanding service sector, FDI growth, a surge in exports, rising global competitiveness and increasing domestic demand, all contributing to a strong economy. This pace of economic growth shows no signs of slowing.

With forecasts of economic growth rates of at least six to seven per cent per year, India is expected to become the world’s third largest economy (measured in purchasing power parity) by 2010. With the fundamentals of the Indian, economy apparently sound, and prospects for continued growth very good, the real estate industry can only flourish.

One of the main propellers of this growth is also the rapid urbanisation of Indian cities. The Indian government has estimated a shortfall of 20 million accommodation units. This quantum of demand, coupled with a short supply, ensures that there’s a great requirement for residential realty. This in turn translates into great opportunities for real estate companies providing quality township projects.

It is also estimated that India will need 475 billion dollars in the next five years to upgrade its infrastructure. This level of investment opportunity hasn’t gone unnoticed by global investors and has drawn the heavy weight investors to India. Sunil Gomes, director of development real estate, Istithmar, shares how India maybe a high risk market for some but it’s also a high return one.

But the real story lies in the deeper changes within Indian society, that are expected to have an even greater impact on real estate. India has a young profile today. Half of its population is under 25 years and the country’s median age is 24 years (2005) compared to 33 in China and 43 in Japan. The country is urbanising at a rapid rate of 2.5 per cent per year.

The number of cities over one million is expected to double from 35 in 2001 to 70 cities by 2025. Mumbai and Delhi is projected to be the world’s second and third largest cities by 2015. Tier 2 cities like Pune, Hyderabad and Chennai are becoming increasingly important in this scenario.

However, Tier 3 cities like Mysore, Mangalore, Kochi still lack liquidity. India’s large population is now being viewed as one of its key strengths, especially a young and urbanising population. More importantly, this young customer base has an evergrowing demand for products and services and is providing massive labour market opportunities as well. This new brand of consumer’s rising disposable incomes is also being generated towards lifestyle products, real estate included.

The trend towards urbanisation is part of a long-term structural change in the Indian economy. Where now, less than 30 per cent of the population live in cities, that figure is expected to double by 2030. While India is still considered under performed as compared to China, as far as investments are concerned, it’s also interesting to note that unlike in China, higher FDI inflows are the effect, and not the cause, of high growth rate in India.

The obvious inference is that while policy, institutions, incentives and regulations do matter, it is the perception about investment viability that is the most significant determinant of FDI. India, attempted development of infrastructure, simplification of procedures and a gradual change of mindset, which has led to its increased attractiveness to investors.

The Indian real estate market is expected to have access to about $10 billion (Rs 41,000 crore) in private equity (PE) funds this year, which should help cash-strapped developers overcome conservative lending by banks, stricter rules for placements before share offers and tougher guidelines for overseas borrowings.

All this activity has also encouraged several large financial firms and private equity funds to launch exclusive funds, targeting the Indian real estate sector. Besides increasing professionalism in the sector, it would bring in advanced technology and help in the creation of healthy and competitive market environment for both, domestic and foreign investors.

Also, the entry of Real Estate Mutual Funds (REMFs) or Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) will definitely ensure more availability of funds to the developers and faster growth of real estate sector, according to industry experts.

Source: The Economic Times